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USS ''Laffey'' (DD-459) was a ''Benson''-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was the first destroyer named for Bartlett Laffey. ''Laffey'' was laid down on 13 January 1941 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Company, San Francisco, California; launched 30 October 1941; sponsored by Miss Eleanor G. Forgerty, granddaughter of Seaman Laffey; and commissioned on 31 March 1942, Lieutenant Commander William E. Hank in command. She was lost in action on 13 November 1942. == Service history == After shakedown off the west coast, ''Laffey'' headed for the war zone via Pearl Harbor, arriving at Efate on 28 August 1942. She steamed in the antisubmarine screen until she joined Task Force 18 on 6 September. When the flagship— the carrier —was sunk on 15 September, ''Laffey'' rescued survivors and returned them to Espiritu Santo. She sailed with Task Force 64 and touched at Noumea, New Caledonia on 18 September.〔 ''Laffey'' saw her first fleet action in the Battle of Cape Esperance (also known as the Second Battle of Savo Island) on 11 and 12 October 1942. The destroyer operated with Admiral Norman Scott's cruiser group, guarding against enemy attempts to reinforce Guadalcanal. On 11 October, when the group formed into single column, ''Laffey'' joined two other destroyers in the van. About an hour later, sailors ran to their battle stations, steel doors clanged shut, and all made ready for battle. When the engagement began, ''Laffey'' raked the cruiser with three of her 5-inch guns. The furious gunfire roared on through the night. At dawn, destroyer was sinking, was badly damaged, and cruiser , though hard hit, had weathered several powerful blows. On the other hand, the Japanese losses were even greater. was sinking, ''Aoba'' was badly damaged, and had sunk.〔 After the battle, ''Laffey'' rendezvoused with a group escorting transports from Nouméa on 11 November, and sailed to Lunga Point, arriving the next day. The disembarking operations were interrupted by a heavy air attack. On 13 November, ''Laffey'' was placed in the van of a column of eight destroyers and five cruisers under Admiral Daniel J. Callaghan. Early in the mid-watch, the radar operator reported contact with the enemy. The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal was just about to begin when the Japanese force, a group of two battleships, one light cruiser and 14 destroyers, under Vice Admiral Hiroaki Abe, appeared on the horizon. ''Laffey'' lashed out at the enemy with gunfire and torpedoes. At the height of the violent battle, the battleship came through the darkness and both ships headed at full speed for the same spot.〔 They missed colliding by .〔Morison, ''Struggle for Guadalcanal'', p. 244〕〔Hammel, ''Guadalcanal: Decision at Sea'', p. 137–141〕〔Jameson, ''The Battle of Guadalcanal'', p. 22 says, "Only by speeding up did the Laffey manage to cross the enemy's bows with a few feet (metres) to spare."〕 ''Laffey'' unleashed her torpedoes and, using all her firepower, raked the battleship’s bridge,〔 wounding Admiral Abe, and killing his chief of staff.〔Morison, ''Struggle for Guadalcanal'', p. 244〕〔Hara, ''Japanese Destroyer Captain'', p. 146.〕 Admiral Abe was thereafter limited in his ability to direct his ships for the rest of the battle.〔Hara, ''Japanese Destroyer Captain'', p. 148.〕 With a battleship on her stern, a second on her port beam, and two destroyers on her port bow, ''Laffey'' fought the Japanese ships with the three remaining main battery guns in a no-quarter duel at point-blank range. She was hit by a 14-inch shell from ''Hiei''. Then a torpedo in her fantail put ''Laffey'' out of action. As the order to abandon ship was passed, a violent explosion ripped the destroyer apart and she sank immediately with heavy loss of life.〔 This action earned her the Presidential Unit Citation.〔 Of the 247 crew members aboard, 59 were killed, including the commanding officer, William B. Hank. There were 116 wounded in the engagement.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= USS ''Laffey'' website )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Laffey (DD-459)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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